Fat cells

Adipocytes are specialized cells found in adipose tissue that play a vital role in energy homeostasis and metabolism. The functional characterization of human adipocytes has gained increasing attention in predictive toxicology due to the important role that adipose tissue plays in the metabolism and storage of xenobiotics, including drugs and chemicals.

Adipocytes express a range of nuclear receptors and enzymes involved in xenobiotic metabolism, making them a valuable tool for evaluating the potential toxicity and metabolism of various substances. The functional characterization of human adipocytes involves evaluating changes in adipocyte differentiation, lipid metabolism, and xenobiotic metabolism in response to toxicological stimuli.

Adipocyte differentiation can be evaluated using markers such as PPARγ, C/EBPα, and adiponectin. Lipid metabolism can be assessed by measuring changes in lipid droplet size and lipid accumulation. Additionally, the expression and activity of xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes, such as CYP450, can be evaluated to assess the potential toxicity of a substance and its metabolism in adipose tissue.

The use of functionally characterized human adipocytes offers several advantages in predictive toxicology. These cells provide a more relevant model than animal models or cell lines as they more accurately represent human adipose tissue and metabolism. Additionally, their involvement in xenobiotic metabolism provides a unique opportunity to evaluate the potential toxicity and metabolism of various substances in a relevant physiological context.

In conclusion, the functional characterization of human adipocytes offers a valuable tool for evaluating the potential toxicity and metabolism of various substances in adipose tissue. Their involvement in energy homeostasis and xenobiotic metabolism make them a relevant model for evaluating the safety and efficacy of drugs, chemicals, and other substances.